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What Do You Need to Build a Full AR Pistol?
Building a full AR pistol is an exciting project that requires careful planning, precision, and a good understanding of firearms safety. Whether you’re a hobbyist or a professional, this guide will walk you through the essential components and steps needed to create a custom AR pistol. Remember, always prioritize safety and legal compliance when building and handling firearms.
Essential Components
To build a full AR pistol, you’ll need the following components:
- Receiver: The receiver is the heart of the firearm, housing the trigger group, magazine release, and bolt carrier group. It comes in two types: lower receivers and upper receivers. For a pistol, you’ll need an upper receiver.
- Barrel: The barrel is the tube through which the bullet travels. For an AR pistol, you’ll want a barrel that is 16 inches or longer to comply with legal requirements.
- Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): The BCG is responsible for cycling the action of the firearm. It includes the bolt, firing pin, and gas key.
- Handguard: The handguard protects the barrel and provides a grip for the shooter. There are many options available, including free-float handguards for better accuracy.
- Stock: While a pistol does not require a traditional stock, you may still want to add a stock for ease of handling and to comply with certain legal requirements.
- Trigger Group: The trigger group includes the trigger, hammer, and sear. There are many trigger options available, ranging from standard triggers to lightweight and competition triggers.
- Magazine: The magazine holds the ammunition. For an AR pistol, you’ll want a magazine that fits the caliber of your firearm and has a capacity that meets legal requirements.
- Firearm Safety: Always use a quality firearm safety device, such as a trigger lock or cable lock, to prevent unauthorized access to your firearm.
Tools and Equipment
In addition to the components listed above, you’ll need the following tools and equipment:
- Drill Press: A drill press is essential for drilling the necessary holes in the upper receiver.
- Hand Tools: A set of hand tools, including wrenches, screwdrivers, and pliers, will be necessary for assembly and disassembly.
- File: A file will be used to smooth any sharp edges on the components.
- Calipers: Calipers are used to measure the components and ensure proper fit.
- Gunsmithing Jig: A gunsmithing jig can help ensure proper alignment and fit of the components.
Building Process
The process of building a full AR pistol involves the following steps:
- Receiver Preparation: Begin by preparing the upper receiver. This includes removing the front sight base, rear sight, and any other unnecessary components. Then, use a drill press to drill the necessary holes for the barrel and handguard.
- Barrel Installation: Install the barrel into the upper receiver using the appropriate torque specifications. Ensure that the barrel is properly aligned and that the gas port is correctly positioned.
- Handguard Installation: Install the handguard onto the upper receiver using the appropriate mounting hardware. Ensure that the handguard is securely attached and that it is properly aligned with the barrel.
- BCG Installation: Install the BCG into the upper receiver. Ensure that the gas key is properly seated and that the BCG is securely attached.
- Trigger Group Installation: Install the trigger group into the upper receiver. Ensure that the trigger is properly seated and that the hammer and sear are functioning correctly.
- Magazine Installation: Install the magazine into the lower receiver. Ensure that the magazine release is functioning correctly and that the magazine is securely held in place.
- Receiver Assembly: Assemble the upper and lower receivers, ensuring that all components are properly aligned and functioning correctly.
- Testing and Safety Check: Test the firearm to ensure that it is functioning correctly. Perform a thorough safety check to ensure that the firearm is safe to use.